Community spread of pertussis continuing

November 5, 11:50 a.m.   

Dear UO Community,   

Cases of pertussis (whooping cough) are continuing to spread after an outbreak in spring 2024, including some at the University of Oregon. The university is providing the following information which may help stop the spread.   

What is Pertussis?   Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a contagious respiratory tract infection that presents as an acute cough in most patients. It is caused by a bacterium. Pertussis is spread by respiratory droplets from an infected person who is coughing, that are then breathed in by people within six feet of an infected person. Less commonly, pertussis is spread by direct contact with respiratory secretions. Pertussis also is known as the “100-day cough” because symptoms can last for weeks, even months.     

Is Pertussis contagious?  

Yes.  Pertussis cases are most contagious for the first two weeks of illness (when cases have cold‐like symptoms), and at the beginning of the coughing phase. Thereafter contagiousness gradually decreases and becomes negligible by about three weeks after coughing onset.     

What are the symptoms of Pertussis?  

Pertussis symptoms typically begin 5-10 days after exposure. Sometimes symptoms can take as long as three weeks to develop.    Pertussis typically progresses through three stages:  

  1. Early Symptoms (weeks 1-2): Mild cold symptoms (runny, stuffed up nose, low grade fever of less than 100.4F) with an intermittent non-productive cough.   
  2. Later Symptoms (weeks 2-6): Coughing fits—spasms of cough ending with a gasp, whoop, or vomiting after coughing—which can then last for several weeks. While the risk of serious complications in young, healthy people is generally low, these coughing fits can be disruptive and sometimes intense enough to cause broken ribs. Adolescents and adults who have been vaccinated for pertussis may have less dramatic symptoms.  
  3. Gradual Recovery (weeks 6-10): Gradual resolution of coughing over a period of two to three weeks. Recovery is often slow!   

  What actions should I take?  

The best way to protect against pertussis is with vaccination. The tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis (Tdap) vaccine is a required vaccine at the University of Oregon. Students can check the myUOHealth Portal (immunization tab) to see if you are up to date with Tdap vaccine. Tdap vaccinations are available at UHS for those who need updated immunization. UO faculty and staff should contact their own healthcare provider.   

If you suspect that you have symptoms of pertussis, seek medical care. UO students can call their own healthcare providers or UHS at (541) 346-2770. Please let UHS staff know that you have possible symptoms of pertussis or have been in contact with someone who has a suspected or confirmed pertussis. UO faculty and staff should call their own healthcare provider.  

People in certain high-risk populations should consider post exposure prophylaxis with antibiotics. These populations include:   

  • Infants and pregnant people, especially pregnant persons in their third trimester  
  • People who have close contact with a pregnant person or an infant  
  • All those attending or working in a childcare setting  
  • If you have asthma, a weakened immune system, or other underlying medical issue  

Call your healthcare provider. Students should call UHS for an appointment (541-346-2770)    

Preventing the Spread of Pertussis  

Like many respiratory illnesses, pertussis spreads by coughing and sneezing while in close contact with others, who then breathe in the bacteria. CDC recommends practicing good hygiene to prevent the spread of respiratory illnesses. To decrease the risk of contracting pertussis:  

  • Wear a mask; KN95 or KN94 masks are more effective than surgical masks, though surgical masks are still effective.  
  • Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.  
  • Cough or sneeze into your upper sleeve or elbow, not your hands.  
  • Wash your hands often with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand rub for at least 20 seconds.  

 Resources for More Information